THE ROLE OF LYMPHOCYTIC INFILTRATION (CD45+) IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF ACUTE GASTRIC INJURY IN INTENSIVE CARE UNIT PATIENTS

This article investigates the role of lymphocytic infiltration, assessed by the immunohistochemical marker CD45, in the pathogenesis of acute gastric mucosal injury in critically ill patients receiving mechanical ventilation in intensive care units. Increased CD45 expression was found to be associated with enhanced lymphocytic infiltration, activation of the local inflammatory response, impaired microcirculation, and progression of inflammatory and destructive changes in the gastric mucosa. The identified immunohistochemical alterations reflect the severity of the local im­mune response and may serve as an additional morphological criterion for assessing the severity of the pathological process. Quantitative assessment of CD45 expression using digital morphometric analysis provides an objective eval­uation of inflammatory cell infiltration and contributes to a better understanding of the immunopathogenetic mech­anisms underlying acute stress-induced gastric injury. The obtained findings may improve early morphological diag­nosis, facilitate prediction of disease progression, and optimize preventive and therapeutic strategies for critically ill patients treated in intensive care units.