EVALUATION OF THE PATHOMORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF PNEUMONIA IN CHILDREN WITH IMMUNODEFICIENCY CONDITIONS

Objective. To analyze the age and sex characteristics of children with immunodeficiency conditions who died from viral and viral-bacterial pneumonia, as well as to study methods for the pathomorphological evaluation of lung tissue and immune system organs.

Materials and Methods. The study analyzed autopsy materials from 82 children with confirmed immunodeficiency conditions who died from viral and viral-bacterial pneumonia between 2015 and 2021. The study was conducted at the Republican Center of Pathological Anatomy under the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Postmortem examinations were performed using the complete evisceration technique described by G.V. Shor. The macroscopic characteristics of lung tissue were evaluated according to the method developed by A.V. Zinserling. The thymus, a primary lymphoid organ of the immune system, was isolated for morphological examination.

Results. Of the 82 children included in the study, 34 (41.46%) were girls and 48 (58.54%) were boys. The largest proportion of cases occurred among infants aged 4–6 months, accounting for 36 cases (43.90%). Children aged 29 days to 3 months accounted for 24 cases (29.27%), those aged 7–12 months for 14 cases (17.07%), and neonates aged 7–28 days for 8 cases (9.76%). A predominance of boys over girls was observed in the first three age groups.

Conclusion. A comprehensive pathomorphological evaluation of autopsy materials from children with immunodeficiency conditions who died from pneumonia requires the combined examination of lung tissue and the thymus. The study population showed a predominance of infants aged 4–6 months and a higher proportion of boys.